The Values

Values are our sense of “worth” and guides our behaviors and ethics towards certain issues. In conservation issues, it is critical to examine people’s values about the environment to predict behaviors about conservation. Kellert came up with nine values to illustrate people view about nature and biodiversity. Below is the table that describes each of the nine values and the their function.

VALUE DEFINITION FUNCTION
Utilitarian Practical and material exploitation of nature Physical sustenance/security
Naturalistic Direct experience and exploration of nature Curiosity, discovery, recreation
Ecologistic-
Scientific
Systematic study of structure, function Knowledge, understanding, observational skills
Aesthetic Physical appeal and beauty of nature Inspiration, harmony, security
Symbolic Use of nature for language and thought Communication, mental development
Humanistic Strong emotional attachment and “love” Bonding, sharing, cooperation, companionship
Moralistic Spiritual reverence and ethical concern for nature Order, meaning, kinship, altruism
Dominionistic Mastery, physical control, dominance of nature Mechanical skills, physical prowess, ability to subdue
Negativistic Fear, aversion, alienation from nature Security, protection, safety, awe
Table 1: A Typology of Basic Values

Out of the nine values Kellert mentioned, the focus of the blog is on three values Negativism Dominionistic and Utilitarian. These are the values that are commonly thought to be a threat to conservation efforts.