Meeting Appendix: Google Document

by Zaki Ibrahim on October 18, 2015

Below is the Google document that serves as an outline for the group’s work and a storyboard for the video

Blog requirements:

The blog is composed of the following tabs:

Introduction. This page should be use to introduce the topic of the group
Chemical concept. Each group has explain in detail the chemical concept chosen by the group within the topic given to the group.
Applications. Each group should chose one specific application of the chemical concept chosen.
References. all the resources for the blog and the pictures have to be referenced.
Assignments. Each weekly group assignment has to be uploaded before before the deadline.
About the group. This space if for the group to introduce themselves in any fashion they want.
Meeting logs. this tab is important for every group meeting regarding the group assignments. The groups have to meet to prepare their assignments and their multimedia project. The meeting log should contain (location, duration, participants and absentees, topics discussed, actions to be taken and by who before the next meeting, and any other relevant information that the group decides to document).

Idea for flow of storyboard

Electrons in molecules possess certain energy levels. i.e. quantized
Change in energy levels by absorbing or releasing radiation
Explain the equation E=hv
Nuclei possess ‘spin’, denoted by quantum number I, and a very weak magnetic field is associated with it
(Insert table of various nuclei with various quantum number and energy levels)
Explain how there are 2I+1 number of orientations which each have different energy levels when in a magnetic field. Energy gap is proportional to strength of magnetic field
when atoms are exposed to EM radiation of the right energy (ie resonant frequency), they can be promoted to the next energy level, resulting in a change in magnetic moment

atoms bonded to different things will experience varying amount of shielding/deshielding
thus they will be in different magnetic environments and will have different resonant frequencies
this unique resonant frequency can be compared with that of a reference compound, eg TMS
Chemical Shift definition -> output of NMR is intensity against chemical shift
Coupling: if neighbouring atoms have non-zero spin, they will carry a weak magnetic field and so their spin state will also affect the magnetic environment. As 2I+1 spin states are possible, a neigbour with spin I will split the signal into a set of 2I+1
Eg: 1 neighbour with spin I=½ resulting in doublet
most of the time this only occurs when I=½ as spin states rapidly interconvert (relaxation) when I is larger, causing net effect to average to zero. Only rarely does coupling occur, such as in the case of deuterium (I=1)
Eg: 1 neighbour with spin I=1 resulting in triplet
If there are multiple neighbours, the effect of the spin states may either reinforce each other or cancel out
Eg: 2 equivalent neighbours with spin I=½ resulting in triplet
Eg: 3 equivalent neighbours with spin I=½ resulting in quartet
signal splits into 2nI+1 when there are n equivalent neighbours with I=I
Coupling constant depends on strength of interaction. when coupling with non-equivalent neighbours, spin effects may not cancel out
Eg: 2 non-equivalent neighbours with spin I=½ resulting in doublet of doublets

Explain property is similar to 13C
Concept of neighbour hydrogen and how it causes doublets, triplets, etc
How the type of atom that the hydrogen is bonded to affects the frequency of resonance (carbon, oxygen, nitrogen or otherwise)
Effects of multiple neighbours and different types of neighbours
Include one example

Proposed Storyboard

Brief Introduction

Shown on Screen	Explanation/Script
Introduction Header with Chocolate Pineapples	Welcome to NMR Spectrocopy, brought to you by CHOCOLATE PINEAPPLES
Drawing of a compound entering a box stating NMR and signals leaving	NMR Spectronomy is used in modern chemistry to identify structural formula. By the difference and range of signals produced from the NMR, we can deduce the structural form of a certain compound.
A magnifying glass firstly showing a chocolate pineapple then zooming to pseudo nucleus of atom	To understand how NMR machines work, we need to go QUANTUM (Or molecular)

Part 1: Concept of NMR

Shown on screen	Explanation
Drawing of 1H with electron in magnetic field Draw a H with arrows	Physical phenomenon that nuclei resonates
Electromagnetic spectrum Spectrum and zoom or bracket out spectrum	NMR resonance falls under radio waves (60MHz to 1000M cbn56y7Hz)
Energy levels for electron E=hv equation E=hv equation	Quantized energy levels for electron to promote, resulting in change in magnetic moment
Table of different atoms with different quantum spin number Said table	Different atoms have different number of energy levels, not all can resonate
2I + 1 equation	How to derive number of levels Explain that NMR usually conducted on atoms with I=1/2, eg C13 and H
Diagram showing shielded/deshielded atoms	Explain chemical shift
Drawing of tetramethylsilane	Separation depends on magnetic field applied. Use TMS as reference
Definition of chemical shift (Vreference)	Explain definition. Different atoms resonate at different frequencies, so Vref depends on what kind of NMR you want to do (choose the correct one from the reference compound, TMS)
Diagram showing the 2 states thing that results in coupling when I=1/2	Coupling coupling constant determined by the bond and frequency of resonance
Diagram showing the 3 states when I=1
Tree diagram for multiple coupling	Explain how to draw tree diagram based on constant J
Splitting equation 2nI+1	Explain how to derive ratios for quantum spin number 1 and above (tree diagram)

Part 2: Carbon NMR

Shown on screen	Explanation
2 drawings C-O and C-C	Not all carbon resonate at same frequency.
Diagram of relative shifts of C-X constituents (side-by-side with previous diagram)	Electron shielding effect on magnetic field affecting shift (downfield upfield)
C=C and C=O bonds	Use the cone thing to explain
4 main bands	C-C / C-X / C=C / C=O
Proton decoupled C13-NMR vs non-decoupled	Explain most of the time, there is proton broadband decoupling (so that C-H coupling not shown) for clarity and speed of NMR
C13 vs C12 with percentages on screen	Relative rarity of C13, so no carbon-carbon coupling
Example: Sample molecule	Go through how to interpret chemical shift diagram

Part 3: Proton NMR

Shown on screen	Explanation
Ppm shifts for proton vs C13	Why ppm shifts for proton are different
Relative shifts when attached (C, N, O)	Explain how the similar concept to C13 [magnetic field shift]
Molecule with neighbour hydrogens	Neighbour hydrogen and the effects on the peaks
Doublets Triplets Quartets	How to obtain number of peaks and naming and respective number of neighbours
Example: Sample molecule	Go through how to interpret chemical shift diagram

Posted in Minutes

Chocolate Pineapples