Values

(Based on the Kellert value types)

It can be said that the people lacked the humanistic and ecologistic value which refers to the primary interest of animals and the interrelationships between wildlife and natural habitats. People do not have the affection for animals and they take no interest in the relationship between wildlife and its habitats. Therefore, they engaged in these commercial activities because they lacked the sense of connection between animals and the environment.

It can also be said that the utilitarian value was adopted. Utilitarian value is defined as the concern for the practical and material value of animals or habitat. It can be seen that the locals see the forest as a natural resource which can be tapped onto, to be use for other purposes. In this case, it would be the clearing and burning of the forest for the building of palm oil plantations and the provision of timber. The orang-utans also hold a material value in which they are being hunted and poached for their meat and the babies are used in the illegal pet trade. Even the skulls of the dead orang-utans are traded and used as exotic souvenirs.