Community–Based Participatory Research (CBPR) has been described as a continuum of approach (rather than a specific methodology) to research that exhibits an orientation towards co-learning, a co-construction process entailing an exchange of expertise and knowledge with diverse stakeholders building on their individual strengths, often entailing an applicability aspect for policy and practice (Shalowitz and et al. 2009, Minler and Wallerstein, 2003, Israel 1998, 2005). Action research, participatory research, collaborative inquiry, community-based pedagogy and etc. have been associated with CBPR. With origins in and influence by the work of social scientist, Kurt Lewin, who advocated social action and change through research, Paulo Freire’s Pedagogy of the Oppressed, and the critiques of postmodernists and critical theorists, CBPR has often been used in studies relating to minorities and vulnerable communities due to the empowering participatory nature of CBPR which accords shared decision-making power to both participants and researchers, and usually involving intervention of some sort. While no discipline has monopoly of CBPR, researchers in health have often turned to it to engage and work with a local community using culturally appropriate methods to research and address health issues of concern within the community.
- Bush, Paula L., Joshua Hamzeh and Ann C. Macaulay. 2018. “Community-Based Participatory Research.” Oxford Bibliographies, January 11.
- Carter, Marion, Rivero, Estela, Cadge, Wendy, Curran, Sara. 2002. “Designing Your Community-Based Learning Project: Five Questions to Ask about your Pedagogical and Participatory Goals.” Teaching Sociology, 30 (2), pp.158-173.
- Minkler, Meredith, and Nina Wallerstein. 2003. “Introduction to Community-Based Participatory Research.” Community-based participatory research for health. Edited by Meredith Minkler and Nina Wallerstein, 3–26. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
- Shalowitz, Madeleine U., Isacco, Anthony, Barquin, Nora, Clark-Kauffman, Elizabeth, Delger, Patti, Nelson, Devon, Quinn, Anthony, Wagennar, Kimberly A. 2009. “Community-Based Participatory Research: A Review of the Literature With Strategies for Community Engagement”. Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics.