CM8001

It is due to desalination techniques involving high cost and high amount of energy consumption. Residue produced is very saline brine, which needs proper disposal without causing environmental harm.

Vitamins are either water-soluble (Vitamin B & C) or fat-soluble (Vitamin A, D, E, K), depending on their molecular structures. Water-soluble vitamins have many polar groups and are this soluble in polar solvents such as water. Fat-soluble vitamins are predominantly non-polar and hence are soluble in non-polar solvent. (“Like dissolves like”)

Acid rain is caused by a chemical reaction that begins when compound like SO2 and NO2 are released into the air and reacts with water.
Answer for a, c, d: Reduces SOx emission –> Reduces electricity consumption, thus reducing SOx emissions
Answer for b & e: Reduces NOx emission –> Reduces transportation and fuel combustion, thus reducing NOx emissions.

a. Coal-fired plants produces SO2 which dissolves in H2O present in air forming H2SO4. H2SO4 tiny droplet forms aerosol which does not absorb sunlight, but reflects it instead which results in fog formation and poor visibility.
b. The normal rain pH is about 5.3. Thus, 10 times more acidic refers to 10 times more H+ ions present, which is 1pH lesser. Therefore, the estimated pH of the rainfall in the park is 4.3.