CM8001

a. Exothermic- the reaction is a combustion process,in which heat is given out.
b. Endothermic- there is a gain in heat energy to break the bonds in water to form water vapor
c. Endothermic- heat energy is absorbed to break the bonds in the solid state

The bond strength of products are higher than that of the reactants. This results in a greater amount of energy needed to form the bonds. As such, the enthalpy of combustion is higher resulting in an exothermic reaction. Moreover, the products formed should be gases (rapid increase in volume) instead of solids or liquids leading to explosive reactions.

Temperature: is the direction of heat flow and measures the speed at which heat energy flows
Heat: Flow of energy from a hotter to a colder object
Example: A cube of ice placed on the hand of a man. Overtime, heat conducted from the man’s hand to the ice cube will cause it to melt.

a. The premium gasoline is made up 98% isooctane and 2% heptane. This implies that the gasoline has a relatively high octane rating, resulting in lower knocking characteristics.
b. Octane rating is insufficient to determine if the fuel contains oxygenates.