Cloning cannot improve dog breeds because firstly, it may lead to early deaths, premature ageing and also reduction of genetic diversity as the same breeds are produced, making them more vulnerable to viruses. There may also be ethical issues with cloning.

Pros: 1) Produce higher crop yield, 2) Yield can survive in harsh environments, 3) Food may have more nutrients
Cons: 1) Higher cost of seeds, 2) Possible emergence of new diseases as genetically-modified corn is manufactured using bacteria/viruses, 3) People may develop allergies

As the head of a government, I would accept it as the country is facing a serious risk of famine, and we assume to have the capital to afford the genetically-modified corn.

a) C6(H2O)6

c) No. Different isomers have different chemical properties which result in different level of sweetness

It is impossible as even ‘natural’ food contains chemicals. As such, there is no such thing as an all organic chemical-free diet.

The gas in the foaming agent escapes, leading to the polymer collapsing on itself, thus becoming more dense.

a. LDPE, having a branched nature, may be prone to gems/ bacteria to come in contact with the hands, thus it is not advisable to use LDPE.

b. Higher strength while not compromising flexibility.

No. Plastic lay a cross-linked structure that allow the length to increase when pulled, but paper does not, that is why this property is not observed on paper.

a. Non toxic, lack of solubility in body fluid, stable, ease of implementation.

b. PMMA, polymethyl metacrylate,non-toxic, permeable to oxygen, inexpensive to wear and tear.

c. Hard: made of PMMA, rigid and non gas permeable.
Soft: silicon, flexible and allows oxygen to reach our eyes.

Hence, soft contact lenses are better.

1) Different number of neutrons (Isotopes)
2) Different charge (Carbocation)

1) No. of protons
2) No. of neutrons
3) No. of electrons

14N represents 7 protons, electrons and neutrons but 15N represents 7 protons and electrons but 8 neutrons.

a) 94 b) 93: Neptunium (Np) 94: Plutonium (Pu) c) 86

Fuel rods – E, Cooling water into the core – D, Cooling water out of the core – B, Control rod – C, Control rods assembly- A.

– High costs to produce and operate
– Environmental impact such as having to find ways to dispose excess salt and if it is discarded to oceans, it will increase the salinity of the seawater and reduces dissolved oxygen levels and thus affecting marine life.

Like dissolves like. Therefore, since water itself is polar and vitamins are water-soluble, vitamins (its solute) that dissolve in water can be polar. Fats are non-soluble therefore vitamins that dissolve in fat can be expected to be non-polar.

a) Eliminate usage of dryers which will consume electricity, reducing the need to produce energy in power plants
b) Less NOx is produced
c) More energy efficient
d) Less energy is lost to the surrounding as heat
e) Less fuel is used to transport the food

a) Coal-fired plants produces smog and soot which will cause poor visibility when in high concentration
b) Normal rain has a pH of 5.4 and rainfall in the park has a pH of 4.4

A. Exothermic, Heat is irradiated B. Endothermic, Water absorbs heat to break the hydrogen bonding between water molecules from the skin to change from liquid to gaseous state C. Endothermic, Ice absorbs heat from the surrounding to change from solid to liquid state.

To have a chemical explosion, the ideal reactant would be solid and the ideal product would be gas. the relative bond strength in solid (reactant) would be very much higher than that of gas (product)

Heat is the energy that flows from a hotter to colder object while Temperature determines the energy direction of heat flow

A. It has a knocking characteristics of 98% iso-octane and 2% heptane B. No, the octane rating is only a ratio of knocking characteristic and does not indicate the type or amount of additives.