This chapter has dealt with language as a biological adaptation driven by natural selection processes. It has also evaluated theories and evidence in support. The two main theories dissected were the Theory of Mind, and the FOXP2 gene, and the funtions of the FOXP2 gene. This chapter also showed that Malle’s model is able to clarify many doubts in language evolution and also strengthened the theory of protolanguage. Theory of Mind’s compatibility with grammar provides a strong explanation for the complexity of today’s human language system. The study of  FOXP2  will also help unlock a lot of doubts about the role of genes in the evolution of language. However, there is uncertainty of the function of FOXP2 itself, given that it is a transcription gene, and further research is needed. Therefore the Theory of Mind as explained by the Malle’s Model still winds up as the more compelling argument in this chapter.