Values, when explained in terms of the Value-Belief-Norm (VBN) model, are when values impact attitudes and then, beliefs, which are reflected in behaviours.
Thus, this model essentially states that environmental values have to be instilled in Singaporeans before they begin caring about the environment and thus, taking environmentally-friendly actions.
![](https://blogs.ntu.edu.sg/hp3203-1920s1-u07/files/2019/11/vbn-thing-recoloured.png)