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Iconology of the Wayfarer Triptych – Detail
… Bosch’s representation of a boat with a tree belongs to the well-defined group of traditional lunar representations signifying the cosmic function of the moon, it cannot be classed with those works which are simply concerned with depicting popular celebrations connected with the spring new moon. It lacks the free decorative character which marks the illustrations by contemporary miniaturists in Netherlandish calendars, for, in contrast to these, the symbolism of boat and tree is here absolutely central to the composition. In this respect it finds analogies in two compositions of the second half of the 15th century. One of these is a wood-engraving made, in commemoration of the tragic death of Mary of Burgundy, the wife of Maximilian I, by the Master of the Year 1464, also called the Master of the Banderoles, who was working at the same time as Bosch [Willshire, 1883, 2, 153; Hollstein, 1949, 12, 43; Benesch, 1937, 261]. The other is a drawing with exactly the same iconography in the Erbauungsbuch of Wilhelm Werner Graf von Simmern [Willshire, 1883, 153; Fraenger, 1930, 103]. Both these works depict a moralizing metaphor of human life in the context of late medieval ideas about the transience of universal matter. The metaphor takes the form of a tree in a boat, with representatives of the state depicted amongst the foliage and two mice, symbolizing day and night, gnawing at its trunk. The boat is approaching a bank on which stands the figure of Death aiming with his bow at the people in the tree. Behind Death lies a dead man in an open grave. The source of this symbolic composition is a 7th-century legend about St. Barlaam and King Josaphat, which was originally written in Greek and then translated into Latin and enjoyed great popularity during the late medieval period [Didron, 1855, 415]. It is bound up with the secular iconography of the tree of life which symbolizes the human body in its physiological impermanence and the course of human life…[Schmitt, 1948, col. 74; Cirlot, 1962, 329; Kozàky, 1944, 109, 156, 160, 168] (pp. 58-59)
| InfoSensorium Facet(Sum, 2022) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| – | |||
| Layer of meaning(van Straten, 1994) | Conception of Information(Furner, 2004) | Level of knowledge(Nanetti, 2018) | View of reality(Popper, 1972, 1979; Gnoli, 2018) |
| Iconographical interpretation | Relevance (Iconographical) | Interpretations,Narratives | Second world (Mind) |
This tree, perpetually gnawed by two mice, represents the life of man who, throughout all the hours of day and night, is consumed and destroyed, slowly drawing near to disintegration. The four snakes, however, signify the composition of the human body which is made up of four unstable and uncertain elements. When the balance of these elements is disturbed, the body loses its cohesion and then disintegrates [Damascenus, 1879, col. 493]

